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===The Mean Cumulative Function (MCF) for Recurrence Data===
=== The Mean Cumulative Function (MCF) for Recurrence Data ===
In non-parametric analysis of recurrent events data, each population unit can be described by a cumulative history function for the cumulative number of recurrences. It is a staircase function that depicts the cumulative number of recurrences of a particular event, such as repairs over time. The figure below depicts a unit's cumulative history function.


[[Image:lda11.1.gif|thumb|center|400px|Cumulative number of failures. ]]
In non-parametric analysis of recurrent events data, each population unit can be described by a cumulative history function for the cumulative number of recurrences. It is a staircase function that depicts the cumulative number of recurrences of a particular event, such as repairs over time. The figure below depicts a unit's cumulative history function.  


The non-parametric model for a population of units is described as the population of cumulative history functions (curves). It is the population of all staircase functions of every unit in the population. At age t, the units have a distribution of their cumulative number of events. That is, a fraction of the population has accumulated 0 recurrences, another fraction has accumulated 1 recurrence, another fraction has accumulated 2 recurrences, etc. This distribution differs at different ages  <math>t</math> , and has a mean  <math>M(t)</math>  called the mean cumulative function (MCF). The  <math>M(t)</math>  is the point-wise average of all population cumulative history functions (see figure below).
[[Image:Lda11.1.gif|thumb|center|400px]]  
 
[[Image:lda11.2.gif|thumb|center|400px|Illustration of MCF and population distribution at age ''t''. ]]  


For the case of uncensored data, the mean cumulative function <math>M{{(t)}_{i}}\ </math> values at different recurrence ages <math>{{t}_{i}}</math> are estimated by calculating the average of the cumulative number of recurrences of events for each unit in the population at <math>{{t}_{i}}</math> .
The non-parametric model for a population of units is described as the population of cumulative history functions (curves). It is the population of all staircase functions of every unit in the population. At age t, the units have a distribution of their cumulative number of events. That is, a fraction of the population has accumulated 0 recurrences, another fraction has accumulated 1 recurrence, another fraction has accumulated 2 recurrences, etc. This distribution differs at different ages <span class="texhtml">''t''</span> , and has a mean <span class="texhtml">''M''(''t'')</span> called the mean cumulative function (MCF). The <span class="texhtml">''M''(''t'')</span> is the point-wise average of all population cumulative history functions (see figure below).
When the histories are censored, the following steps are applied.
 
[[Image:Lda11.2.gif|thumb|center|392px]]
 
For the case of uncensored data, the mean cumulative function <math>M{{(t)}_{i}}\ </math> values at different recurrence ages <span class="texhtml">''t''<sub>''i''</sub></span> are estimated by calculating the average of the cumulative number of recurrences of events for each unit in the population at <span class="texhtml">''t''<sub>''i''</sub></span> . When the histories are censored, the following steps are applied.  


'''1st Step - Order all ages:'''  
'''1st Step - Order all ages:'''  


Order all recurrence and censoring ages from smallest to largest. If a recurrence age for a unit is the same as its censoring (suspension) age, then the recurrence age goes first. If multiple units have a common recurrence or censoring age, then these units could be put in a certain order or be sorted randomly.
Order all recurrence and censoring ages from smallest to largest. If a recurrence age for a unit is the same as its censoring (suspension) age, then the recurrence age goes first. If multiple units have a common recurrence or censoring age, then these units could be put in a certain order or be sorted randomly.  


'''2nd Step - Calculate the number, <math>{{r}_{i}}</math> , of units that passed through age <math>{{t}_{i}}</math> :'''  
'''2nd Step - Calculate the number, <span class="texhtml">''r''<sub>''i''</sub></span> , of units that passed through age <span class="texhtml">''t''<sub>''i''</sub></span>&nbsp;:'''  


::<math>\begin{align}
::<math>\begin{align}
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\end{align}</math>
\end{align}</math>


<math>N</math> is the total number of units and <math>{{r}_{1}}=N</math> at the first observed age which could be a recurrence or suspension.
<span class="texhtml">''N''</span> is the total number of units and <span class="texhtml">''r''<sub>1</sub> = ''N''</span> at the first observed age which could be a recurrence or suspension.  


'''3rd Step - Calculate the <math>MCF</math> estimate, <math>{{M}^{*}}(t)</math>:'''  
'''3rd Step - Calculate the <span class="texhtml">''M''''C''''F''</span> estimate, <span class="texhtml">''M''<sup> * </sup>(''t'')</span>:''' For each sample recurrence age <span class="texhtml">''t''<sub>''i''</sub>,</span> calculate the mean cumulative function estimate as follows:  
For each sample recurrence age <math>{{t}_{i}},</math> calculate the mean cumulative function estimate as follows:      


::<math>{{M}^{*}}({{t}_{i}})=\frac{1}{{{r}_{i}}}+{{M}^{*}}({{t}_{i-1}})</math>
::<math>{{M}^{*}}({{t}_{i}})=\frac{1}{{{r}_{i}}}+{{M}^{*}}({{t}_{i-1}})</math>


where <math>{{M}^{*}}(t)=\tfrac{1}{{{r}_{1}}}</math> at the earliest observed recurrence age, <math>{{t}_{1}}</math> .
where <math>{{M}^{*}}(t)=\tfrac{1}{{{r}_{1}}}</math> at the earliest observed recurrence age, <span class="texhtml">''t''<sub>1</sub></span> .  
 


'''Example 1:'''
<br>'''Example 1:''' {{Example: Recurrent Events Data Non-Parameteric MCF Example}}
{{Example: Recurrent Events Data Non-Parametric MCF Example}}

Revision as of 15:45, 8 March 2012

The Mean Cumulative Function (MCF) for Recurrence Data

In non-parametric analysis of recurrent events data, each population unit can be described by a cumulative history function for the cumulative number of recurrences. It is a staircase function that depicts the cumulative number of recurrences of a particular event, such as repairs over time. The figure below depicts a unit's cumulative history function.

Lda11.1.gif

The non-parametric model for a population of units is described as the population of cumulative history functions (curves). It is the population of all staircase functions of every unit in the population. At age t, the units have a distribution of their cumulative number of events. That is, a fraction of the population has accumulated 0 recurrences, another fraction has accumulated 1 recurrence, another fraction has accumulated 2 recurrences, etc. This distribution differs at different ages t , and has a mean M(t) called the mean cumulative function (MCF). The M(t) is the point-wise average of all population cumulative history functions (see figure below).

Lda11.2.gif

For the case of uncensored data, the mean cumulative function [math]\displaystyle{ M{{(t)}_{i}}\ }[/math] values at different recurrence ages ti are estimated by calculating the average of the cumulative number of recurrences of events for each unit in the population at ti . When the histories are censored, the following steps are applied.

1st Step - Order all ages:

Order all recurrence and censoring ages from smallest to largest. If a recurrence age for a unit is the same as its censoring (suspension) age, then the recurrence age goes first. If multiple units have a common recurrence or censoring age, then these units could be put in a certain order or be sorted randomly.

2nd Step - Calculate the number, ri , of units that passed through age ti :

[math]\displaystyle{ \begin{align} & {{r}_{i}}= & {{r}_{i-1}}\quad \quad \text{if }{{t}_{i}}\text{ is a recurrence age} \\ & {{r}_{i}}= & {{r}_{i-1}}-1\text{ if }{{t}_{i}}\text{ is a censoring age} \end{align} }[/math]

N is the total number of units and r1 = N at the first observed age which could be a recurrence or suspension.

3rd Step - Calculate the M'C'F estimate, M * (t): For each sample recurrence age ti, calculate the mean cumulative function estimate as follows:

[math]\displaystyle{ {{M}^{*}}({{t}_{i}})=\frac{1}{{{r}_{i}}}+{{M}^{*}}({{t}_{i-1}}) }[/math]

where [math]\displaystyle{ {{M}^{*}}(t)=\tfrac{1}{{{r}_{1}}} }[/math] at the earliest observed recurrence age, t1 .


Example 1: Template:Example: Recurrent Events Data Non-Parameteric MCF Example

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